Uncovering the Science in the Medicine of Aromatherapy
Posted on 25. Nov, 2009 by Harriet Bliss in Women's Health
They’ve Known It All Along
Although college educated, I have had little acquaintance with aromatherapy, or aroma-therapetutics as my friend prefers to call it. I have spent many university classroom hours reading about the interactions between plants and insects, plants and other plants and of course plants and humans. Yet, what was not explained in all the lectures I attended and books I read were the wide-variety of medicinal and chemical properties of aromatherapy. Below is brief synopsis of my discovery of aromatherapy and the science that revels what plants have been making for centuries.
So Much More Than Just Aroma
I have been using natural and alternative wellness treatments for my health for years, yet I had only associated aromatherapy with getting a massage or putting lavender on my pillow for a better night’s sleep. Unbeknownst to me, aromatherapy has been used for centuries and currently used in medical facilities in France. Now, with a rising interest and even demand for alternative and complementary medicine (CAM), research is being conducted on the benefits of aromatherapy for infections, psyche, nerves, hormones and to some extent inflammation, allergies and metabolic conditions.
New Meaning and Association for Aromatherapy
Contrary to my own vague association, aromatherapy is more than smelling certain scents. Jane Buckle, RN, Ph.D. concludes that there are four main types of aromatherapy: clinical, stress management, beauty therapy and environmental fragrancing. I think many of us have an association of aromatherapy when it comes to beauty therapy and good smelling fragrances from the aroma of essential oils, yet the clinical and stress management aspects of aromatherapy have been hidden from view.
Still, to wrap my science-slanted mind around what truly is aromatherapy, I needed to get more of a workable definition. The gist of the meaning of aromatherapy is that it is therapeutic uses of essential oils of aromatic plants. These oils, usually extracted from plants using water or steam distillation, are mainly used in diffusers as well as topically. Once the aromatic essential oils are extracted, the oils are quite volatile. When the oils are exposed to air, they change from a potent liquid into an aromatic vapor within seconds.
In ‘ Advanced Aromatherapy’, the author explains that the main chemical component of essential oils are terpenes and it higher homologues as well as phenylpropane derivatives. Yet it must be pointed out that the synergy of each oil has it own unique qualities as well as specific chemical components.
Reacquainting with Nature
Each of us is aware of the far reaching affects of the high-tech civilization that we live. Yet, one that is often overlooked or forgotten is the loss of nature – both in our surrounding environment and in personal knowledge. In this modern age, it seems that humans have separated mind from body and body from soul. If we were to look at the essence of what aromatherapy is, it is simply nature in a bottle.
Pulling my biology textbook of the shelf, I re- read about plant defenses and thought of it in a whole new way. Plants produce chemical compounds, mostly terpenoid compounds, in order to defend themselves against predators such as insects and animal as well as against fungi and other microbes. These chemical compounds also are used in plant to plant competition, where established plants inhibit germination of other plant species. Also, plants use these terpenoids to attract beneficial insect and bat pollinators. Thus, it is evident that the creation of essential oils in plants is vital to their continual survival.
Creatures and Aroma
I wonder in my own mind why the usage and medicinal properties of plants is so unfamiliar in our culture. I have known for years that horses select various plants to facilitate detoxing of metabolic toxic buildup, as well as for antiviral and anti-parasitic properties. I remember in college learning about Chimpanzees eating certain plants to cleanse their accumulation of internal parasites.
And, I know from my graduate work in entomology that insects have fairly well developed chemoreception and some are attracted to plants by their scents. It tugs at my reasoning why plants and their essential oils are not more widely used in everyday life, but as I have pointed out above that is now changing. In part two of this paper, I will dive into the physiological aspects of how aromatherapy is absorbed into the human body and the current research on clinical and stress management uses.
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